ofschoon -

1.

• Englishalthough

• Englishin spite of the fact that

• Arabicرَغْم أَنَّ , مَعَ أَنَّ

• Armenianչնայած

• Bashkirҡарамаҫтан

• Belarusianхоць, хаця́

• Bulgarianмакар че, въпреки че, при все че

• Catalantot i que, malgrat que, encara que

• Chichewangakhale

• Chinese

• Cantonese雖然尽管

• Mandarin雖然尽管

• Min Nan雖然nan虽罔

• Czechač, ačkoliv

• Danishselvo, selv o, skønt

• Dutchhoewel, alhoewel, ofschoon

• Esperantokvanka

• Finnishvaikka, joskin

• Frenchbien que, quoique

• Georgianმიუხედავად იმისა, რომ

• Germanobwohl, obschon qualifier

• Greekαν και

• Ancientκαίπερ

• Hebre למרות ש־

• Hindiअपीअगरचे

• Icelandicþó að, enda þótt

• Idoquanka

• Indonesianwalau, walaupun, meski, meskipun

• Irishcé go

• Italiansebbene, benché (both always followed by the subjunctive)

• Japaneseのにだけれども

• Javanesesenajan, sanadyan, masiya, puluh

• Korean하지만, 지만

• Kurdish

• Soraniئه‌گه‌رچی

• Latinquamqua

• Macedonianиакои покрај тоа

• Malaywalau

• Maoriahakoa

• Navajoazhą́...ndi

• Norwegian Bokmålselv o

• Persianاگرچه

• Polishchoć, chociaż, mimo że

• Portugueseembora, conquanto, apesar de

• Romaniandeși, cu toate că

• Russianхотя́, несмотря́ на то́, что, хоть и, хоть

• Scotsawtho, altho

• Serbo-Croatianiako, premda, mada, makar

• Slovakhoci, aj keď

• Slovenečeprav, četudi

• Spanishaunque, a pesar de

• Swahiliingawa

• Swedishfastän, trots att, ehuru

• Talyshcheckاگمچه

• Thaiแม้, ถึงจะ, ทั้งที่, ถึงแม้, ทั้ง ๆ

• Turkishrağmen

• Ukrainianхоча́, хоч

• Vietnamesedẫu cho, mặc dù

• Yiddishהגם

2.

• Englishalbeit

• Englishdespite its being, although

• Arabicوَلَو

• Bulgarianмакар

• Catalanencara que, tanmateix, però

• Chinese

• Mandarin雖然

• Czechtřebaže

• Danishomend, selv o

• Dutchalhoewel, hoewel, ofschoon

• Esperantokvanka

• Finnishvaikka, vaikkakin, joskin

• Frenchbien que, quoique

• Germanwenn auch, wenngleich, obgleich, obschon

• Gujaratiજોકેપરંતુતેમ છતાં

• Hindiकिन्तु

• Italianbenché

• Japaneseとはいえであるが

• Latinetsi

• Lithuaniannors ir

• Norwegianselv o, om enn

• Occitanmalgrat, tot ben que, encara que

• Persianاگرچه

• Polishchociaż

• Portuguesese bem que, mesmo que

• Romaniantotuși, dar

• Russianхотя́

• Serbo-Croatian

• Cyrillicиакопремда

• Romaniako, mada, premda, čak i ako

• Slovenečetudi, čeprav

• Spanishaunque, no obstante, si bien

• Swedishäven o, ehuru, om än, låt vara

• Turkishher ne kadar, yine, gerçi, ise de

3.

• Englishwhereas

• Englishbut in contrast, whilst on the contrary…

• Arabicعندما

• Chinese

• Literary Chinese而

• Mandarin而……(sb.)则反之，……(do sth.)

• Czechzatímco, kdežto, přičemž

• Danishhvorimod

• Dutchhoewel, terwijl, ofschoon

• Esperantodu, kontraŭe

• Finnishkun taas, kun sitä vastoin

• Frenchtandis que, alors que

• Germanwohingegen, wogegen, während

• Greekτουναντίον, ενώ, απεναντίας

• Hungarianmíg

• Italianladdove, mentre

• Laoneeded

• Malaymanakala, padahal

• Portugueseenquanto, ao passo que

• Romanianpe când

• Russianтогда́ как, в то вре́мя как

• Serbo-Croatiandok, za razliku od

• Slovenemedtem ko

• Spanishmientras que qualifier

• Swedishsamtidigt so, medan

• Thaineeded

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